California State University, Northridge
College of Arts, Media, and Communication
Department of Communication Studies

Christie Logan, Ph.D.

COMS 604      SEMINAR IN TEXTUAL STUDIES

Guidelines for Papers 1 - 2 - 3 and 4

All papers should have thematic titles, headers or footers, and page numbers.  On the day you present, provide class members with a 1-page abstract or precis.

Paper #1:  Expressiveness, the Pull of the Text

5-6 pages.  In this paper, you introduce your chosen text -- in broad terms, what it is and how it functions in the world.    Analyze it generally as an instance of its 'genus' - a film, a novel, a play, a work of poetry, a musical composition, a built environment, etc.   Look at its genre - generally, is it traditional?  Innovative?   If appropriate give an overview of the plot but don't spend too much time on specific details.   In this paper, you want to step back; try to provide a description of the gestalt of this text, what experience it offers you as you engage with it.    What mode of being does it require from you?

Out of all possible texts in the world, why are you drawn to this text?   What is its pull for you, why does it fascinate you?   What about it makes you want to spend a semester with it?  Why do you want to share it with us?  What questions do you hope to answer in your journey with this text?  What can't you explain about this text?  What is its mystery for you?

Using Negus & Pickering's approach, in what ways does this text embody or generate creativity? What experiences does it express, evoke, or engage in you as its audience? What does it draw out of you, or draw you into? What do you recognize or realize as you interact with it? How does it express or embody tradition, innovation, or both? What drives the communicative impact it has on you?

What from Lehtonen's conceptualization of how texts work and meanings are generated is relevant to how you "read" this text, who you are as you engage with it? What technologies does it employ? What does it require of you as you engage with it? What are its contributions to your personal knowledge, your cultural, historical &/or social knowledge? What drives its polysemy?

Using Langer's concepts, what is the text's created illusion, semblance, its presence?   What image, illusion, experience does it generate?  What is its living form, how does it express "the life of feeling" ... "the forms feeling can take"?   What are its rhythms (rhythms can be visual, aural, intellectual, ideological, etc.).  What features "animate" this text, make it come to life?  Such aspects as images, themes, ideas, colors, line, light, mass, dialectical tensions, tones, mass and size, for instance.


Paper #2:  Dynamics of Meaning

7-9 pages.  For this paper, in addition to course materials, find sources specific to your text - e.g., reviews of your text, interviews with or other works by your author/creator, critical analyses of your text or genre or author/creator. You should have scholarly as well as popular sources.

Choose constructs, claims and methods from the course readings that in your view are most useful in  analyzing how you interpret your text, and why.  Dig more deeply into the text and its context(s). To support your claims, delve into specific examples - characters, scenes or locales, language, imagery and other aspects that exemplify the dynamics described below.   In your paper, I want you to address each of the broad categories below; however you decide which among these warrants the most depth and attention.

Context as Co-Text: Analyze your own positionality as a reader of this text - in your first reading of it and in subsequent readings.  Discuss specific expectations and assumptions that you, as a member of particular interpretive communities, bring to the text.  How are these affirmed, questioned, negotiated etc. in your ongoing interaction with this text?
What identities of your own (in terms of gender, race and ethnicity, class, sexual orientation, etc.) do you bring to your reading? With which characters or voices do you identify and why?  Analyze these in terms of their complexity, dimensionality and agency - to what extent are these identities rooted in and a response to the sociocultural dynamics of the world in the text?   How does this explain why you are drawn to these particular identities or voices, among all those presented?

Heteroglossia, polyphony and polysemy:  Explicate significant threads or themes in the fabric of contending world views , languages, &/or speech communities in your text.  How do these relate to/represent the dynamics of the social world within this text?  What key issues of the time, the culture, &/or the genre are set into motion in the world of the text?  How are prevailing ideologies affirmed, challenged, negotiated etc. in the world within the text?
Explicate how the above aspects interact in specific ways in your text - how the “zones of contact” among various contending world views, languages (including your own) etc. influence the process by which meaning is made and the judgements we as readers/audience come to?

Intertextuality and Articulations:   In what ways does your text invoke or evoke existing or traditional popular images or representations of characters, communities, locales etc.?  In what ways does it innovate what it invokes? How does your text articulate these prior representations or ideologies in its own social world (e.g., to affirm, resist, refine, reclaim etc. these categories or characterizations)?  How do these articulations (using Hall’s definition of articulation as conjoining or linking disparate elements) add to or complicate your reading of the text?
 


Paper # 3: Text as Social Production

This is an 9-10 page interpretive and critical analysis of your chosen text as an arena in which the "struggle over meanings” is articulated, negotiated, contested, etc, using course theorists and critics as relevant.

In addition to course materials, do research on significant events and prevailing issues and themes of the time (e.g. check ‘the year in review’ news summaries for its period, information on rankings on similar popular commodities - e.g. best sellers, top albums, top films, tv shows, etc.).

In this paper you’ll analyze your text as an utterance - as symbolic action that springs from and contributes to the sociocultural system of its time.  You’ll examine the context within which the text "speaks,” and the social system which it influences.   As you cover the items below, generally focus on how the text responds to prevailing norms, values and ideologies at the time it was published.  You’ll analyze how this text negotiates tensions between tradition and innovation; accommodation and resistancea esthetically, ideologically, and materially (as a marketplace commodity).  As before, address each of the broad areas below; however you decide which among these warrants the most depth and attention.

Intertextuality & articulations (continued):
Analyze significant images, themes, etc. in your text in relation to other texts of its kind or within traditions of its genre.  Does your text offer innovations in its form or structure?  In its worldview?  In what ways does your text invoke or evoke existing or traditional popular images or representations of characters, communities, locales etc.?   How does your text articulate these prior representations or ideologies (e.g., to affirm, resist, refine, reclaim etc. these categories or characterizations)?  How do these elements respond to events, issues, ideologies, beliefs, anxieties etc. in the social system?   How does the constructed world of the text negotiate or articulate the ‘Zeitgeist’ of the historical time and place of its production?

Struggles over meaning in your text:
Analyze the politics of representation in your text - in general, the questions, “who gets to speak?  On whose behalf?”   Look for issues of appropriation, commodification, etc of what/who is represented, and how.   Analyze how race, ethnicity, gender etc. is constructed in the network of characters/ voices; analyze networks of power that animate the text.   Focus on how the text negotiates competing ideologies or representations – sites of contest, ambiguities, untidy packages, unresolved issues, themes, values etc.  Analyze aspects or themes of hybridity as opposed to fixed categories of identity, the sense of borderlands, etc.  Again, here you’re after the dynamics of the struggle over meanings, and how these work against yielding a tidy package — not ‘either - or,’ but ‘both - and.’

Success as a commodity in the marketplace:
Analyze marketing and sales information to determine the visibility of your text in its time or perhaps since its time.  What audience is/was reached (e.g. elite audience, popular audience)?  What means of production were used, to what effects?  Whose interests were served in the production, marketing and reception of the text?  What do these data imply or demonsrate about the zeitgeist of the era, the tensions at play in the social system? What impact did/does it have on its sociocultural context?


Paper #4:  Culminating Analysis and Critical Intervention

12 -15 page paper using approaches and methods of your choosing.   In some ways, this paper is a text of your process with this text throughout the semester ---  a recording of the journey you've taken with it.  This paper may incorporate portions of your previous work, expand and elaborate on previous work, or perhaps even refute previous work.  You will include a rationale and justification for your choice of approaches and an assessment of the heuristic value of critical tenets and methods as you apply them to your text.

I'm not giving you specific questions to answer in this paper.  Here, you choose your questions and your focus (or foci).  Since you're all doing different texts, you decide what features of your text are central to its epistemology and its dynamics for the reader - in a phrase, how it generates meanings - and you'll also decide what approaches are especially useful and enlightening in delving into these features.

Often, past seminar members have said that in the prior papers they've had to forego or cut content in order to cover what they needed to cover in each particular paper.   Here, you set your own guidelines, and it's up to you to determine the questions you ask in relation to your text - and the theories that best serve its dynamics.

This paper is your culminating analysis of what you've learned about / from this text -- you will explicate and justify what in your view is most important, central, perhaps even defining about your text, and also what theoretical framework(s) and critical methods can yield the most significant insights about its dynamics -- how this text interacts with its reader(s), its context, its co-text and the world in which it lives, to generate meanings.

Course Description

Last update:  January 27, 2006
email questions or comments to  Christie Logan, Ph.D.
this document resides at http://www.csun.edu/~vcspc00g/604/604papers.html