ORIGINS

ORIGINS OF ROMAN EQUESTRIAN OFFICIALS

	I. CENTURY		II. CENTURY		III. CENTURY
	#	%	#	%	#	%
ITALIANS	39	55%	53	51%	26	28.5%
WESTERNERS	15	22%	22	21%	11	12%
AFRICANS	0	0%	13	12.5%	25	27%
EASTERNERS	16	23%	16	15%	29	32%
Total:	70	.	104	.	91	.

These figures are offered for illustrative purposes only. Most information is based on inscriptions, whose recovery has usually been accidental. The origins of many officials known to us are irrecoverable, and we certainly have only a small fraction of the huge number of officials of Equestrian rank who must have been in government service during these three centuries. The margin of error is, therefore, considerable.

Data based on information in: H.-G. Pflaum, Les procurateurs équestres sous le Haut-Empire romain (Paris 1950), pp. 171-72, 173-74, 182-85, and 190-93.

ORIGINS OF SOLDIERS

.	AUGUSTUS to CALIGULA	CLAUDIUS to NERO	VESPASIAN to TRAJAN	HADRIAN/II. CENT.
ITALY	207	117	73	17
SPAINS	8	18	16	17
GAULS	35	59	51	34
MACEDONIA	14	9	6	10
ASIA MINOR	50	11	43	21
SYRIA & EGYPT	14	3	56	79
AFRICA	7	4	22	786
NORICUM-RAETIA- DALMATIA	-0-	12	23	56
GERMANIES	-0-	-0-	20	35
PANNONIA-MOESIA	-0-	-0-	15	237
DACIA	-0-	-0-	-0-	50
THRACIA	-0-	-0-	2	99

% of Italians	65%	48.7%	21.4%	0.9%

These figures are offered for illustrative purposes only. Most information is based on inscriptions, whose recovery has usually been accidental. The origins of most soldiers known to us are irrecoverable, and we certainly have only a tiny fraction of the huge number of soldiers who must have been in government service during these three centuries. The margin of error is, therefore, considerable.

SOURCE: Graham Webster, The Roman Imperial Army (1969), p. 108.