Study Questions forChapters 13 and 14.

Chapter 13: Personality

1. A set of relatively enduring behavioral characteristics and predispositions is a person's
A. unconscious.
B. personality.
C. locus of control.
D. stereotypes.

2. According to Freud, most of the things we do, think, and feel are caused by
A. conditioned responses to our surroundings.
B. unconscious forces we are not aware of.
C. a strong desire to grow and develop.
D. the beliefs and ideas we have about the world.

3. According to Freud, an adult who smokes, overeats, and has a "biting" sense of humor probably had difficulty during which stage of development?
A. Genital
B. Phallic
C. Oral
D. Anal

4. Imagine you work for a nasty boss, but have repressed your hostility toward him. If anxiety about this hostility begins to surface, you might use your anger to help you win several local martial arts competitions. This is an example of
A. rationalization.
B. sublimation.
C. reaction formation.
D. projection.

5. According to Jung, our myths and dreams are full of archetypes, which are
A. the unique, individual symbols of our unconscious minds.
B. the three aspects of the personality: id, ego, and superego.
C. inherited ideas and symbols that are common to all people.
D. the lower level needs in the hierarchy of motivation.

6. According to Rogers, the most important force that directs our behavior is
A. anxiety.
B. fulfillment.
C. inferiority.
D. conditioning.

7. According to Allport, the trait that is most fundamental to someone's personality is the ______ trait.
A. central
B. determinant
C. cardinal
D. primary

8. According to behavioral theories of personality, a person's personality is
A. the sum of the person's learned patterns of responses.
B. a collection of traits describing how the person will respond.
C. the interaction of the person's id, ego, and superego.
D. the person's struggle to achieve self-actualization.

9. According to Rotter, our locus of control is
A. how much we try to control the behavior of other people who are important to us.
B. whether we feel we control our own lives, or are controlled by outside forces.
C. whether we direct our efforts at control toward people above or below us.
D. how many other people we have under our direct or indirect control.

10. A person with a strong sense of self-efficacy is also likely to demonstrate
A. an internal locus of control.
B. lower needs on Maslow's hierarchy.
C. a tendency toward shyness.
D. a preference for negative reinforcement.


Chapter 14: Abnormal Behavior-Psychopathology

11. Which perspective on abnormality focuses on whether or not an individual is responsible for his or her actions?
A. The medical-biological model
B. The legal model
C. The behavioral model
D. The psychodynamic model

12. Research on the relationship between ethnicity and the diagnosis of psychological disorder has found that
A. certain diagnoses are more common in some ethnic groups.
B. genetic factors cause most differences in ethnic groups.
C. minorities are systematically denied mental health services.
D. minorities consistently receive more severe diagnoses.

13. Most psychologists today believe that anxiety is
A. unrelated to actual psychological disorder.
B. a key symptom of psychological disorder.
C. the primary cause of psychological disorder.
D. created by unacceptable id impulses.

14. A sudden spurt of fear, accompanied by extreme increases in autonomic nervous system arousal, that has no specific cause in the immediate environment is called a
A. neurosis.
B. panic attack.
C. phobia.
D. compulsion.

15. A disorder that involves the loss of physiological function (such as blindness, deafness, or paralysis) with no apparent physical cause is
A. dissociative disorder.
B. conversion disorder.
C. bipolar disorder.
D. personality disorder.

16. A disorder that involves displaying one's genitals to unsuspecting strangers is
A. voyeurism.
B. transvestitism.
C. fetishism.
D. exhibitionism.

17. A disorder in which people derive pleasure from wearing the clothing of the opposite sex is
A. homoeroticism.
B. sexual masochism.
C. exhibitionism.
D. transvestic fetishism.

18. A disorder that involves giving up all control in one's life to others, acting meek and humble and constantly giving in to others, is ______ personality disorder.
A. dependent
B. antisocial
C. narcissistic
D. paranoid

19. A disorder that involves longstanding, rigid, maladaptive and distressful ways of interacting with the world is a
A. dissociative disorder.
B. personality disorder.
C. phobic disorder.
D. schizophrenic disorder.

20. Bipolar disorder and depressive disorders are considered to be ______ disorders.
A. personality
B. anxiety
C. dissociative
D. mood




ANSWER KEY FOR TEST - UNTITLED

1. B
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. C
6. B
7. C
8. A
9. B
10. A
11. B
12. A
13. B
14. B
15. B
16. D
17. D
18. A
19. B
20. D