Chapter 10 Development

1. Which type of developmental research involves comparing many individuals of different ages to discover the differences between older people and younger people?
A. cross-sectional research
B. longitudinal research
C. case study research
D. correlational research

2. During the period of time right before birth, the unborn baby is known as a(n)
A. embryo.
B. placenta.
C. zygote.
D. fetus.

3. The developing brain of a baby is especially sensitive to damage from outside influences during what period of time?
A. The first three months
B. The fourth and fifth months
C. Right before birth
D. Up until age 2

4. Babies born to mothers who smoke during pregnancy are more likely to
A. engage in criminal behavior as adults.
B. become smokers themselves.
C. be unusually large at birth.
D. be smaller and suffer mental retardation.

5. Because of his emphasis on biological forces that control development, Piaget's theory represents a(n) ______ view of development.
A. reductionist
B. organismic
C. contextual
D. environmental

6. When someone adjusts his or her understanding of the world to adapt to a new experience, it is an example of
A. accommodation.
B. assimilation.
C. suspension.
D. perception.

7. During the stage of concrete operations, a chid develops the ability to
A. think logically about real-world objects and situations.
B. think logically about hypothetical, abstract ideas.
C. recognize that objects still exist even when out of sight.
D. use language to represent the world symbolically.

8. In Kohlberg's theory of moral development, children at the preconventional level of morality will base their moral decisions on
A. which choice will satisfy the largest number of people.
B. whether a certain behavior will be rewarded or punished.
C. how an action will be viewed by other important people.
D. whether the behavior obeys the rules of society.

9. The most consistent psychological differences between men and women are in
A. pure mathematical ability.
B. emotional expressions and responsiveness.
C. academic and intellectual performance.
D. areas relating to sex and mating.

10. In Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the first stage addresses the conflict of
A. identity vs. role confusion.
B. industry vs. inferiority.
C. autonomy vs. shame & doubt.
D. basic trust vs. basic mistrust.



1. A
2. D
3. D
4. D
5. B
6. A
7. A
8. B
9. D
10. D