Chapter 1 Study Questions.

1. The mind-brain (or mind-body) problem refers to the question:

A. Which is more important in controlling behavior, the mind or the brain?
B. How is the mind related to the brain and does one control the other?
C. What causes the mind to undergo "out-of-body" experiences?
D. Which part of the mind controls the body?

2. Which of the following research questions is most directly related to the nature-nurture issue?

A. Are some areas of the brain more active than others during a given behavior?
B. Are certain completely random or unpredictable?
C. Are the behavioral differences between boys and girls due to differences in their genes?
D. Is personality consistent from one situation to another?

3. According to the adherents of determinism, why is it sometimes impossible to predict people's behavior accurately?

A. People have a free will.
B. Some behaviors have causes but others do not.
C. Sometimes the causes are so complex that it is not possible to predict certain behaviors.
D. The experimental method is appropriate only for the physical sciences, not for the behavioral sciences.

4. The current definition of psychology given in the text is the systematic study of

A. behavior and experience.
B. the mind.
C. methods of motivating and controlling others.
D. abnormal thought and behavior.

A. people can change their own behavior if they try hard enough.
B. the development of behavior depends more on the environment than on genetics.
C. every behavior has a cause.
D. the only way to find out why people act as they do is simply to ask them.

6. Wundt collected data by

A. asking people to report on their subjective experiences.
B. observing the behavior of animals in a lab.
C. observing people who did not know they were being observed.
D. observing the behavior of animals in their natural environment.

7. Who is credited. with being the founder of American psychology?

A. Wilhelm Wundt
B. Edward Titchener
C. John B. Watson
D. William James

8. One of the first psychologists to try to measure human intelligence was _______

A. Francis Galton
B. Charles Darwin
C. John Watson
D. Mary Calkins

9. Calkins, Washburn, and Ladd-Franklin were famous as

A. pioneers in the development of clinical psychology.
B. pioneers in the development of humanistic psychology.
C. prominent people of color in the early history of psychology.
D. prominent women in the early history of psychology.

10. Which type of psychologist is MOST likely to investigate the principles of learning?

A. psychoanalyst
B. behaviorist
C. social psychologist
D. quantitative psychologist

11. Which kind of psychologist specializes in the study of thought and knowledge?

A. quantitative psychologist
B. cognitive psychologist
C. behaviorist
D. physiological psychologist

12. The main difference between a psychiatrist and a clinical psychologist is that the psychiatrist

A. has extra training in research methods.
B. has extra training in the theories of Sigmund Freud.
C. has an M.D. degree instead of a Ph.D.
D. has a Ph.D. degree instead of an M.D.

13. A biopsychologist tries to relate behavior to

A. interactions between conscious and unconscious thought processes.
B. experiences, early in life.
C. electrical and chemical activities in the body.
D. the influences of other people.

14. The main interest of social psychologists is

A. how behavior develops as a function of age.
B. how behavior is influenced by other people.
C. the role of learning and memory in behavior
D. how human behavior has changed over the course of history.

15. The field of psychology broke away from philosophy when psychologists began to

A. ask why one person is different from another.
B. formulate theories about why people act the way they do.
C. collect and evaluate evidence scientifically
D. observe human behavior and compare it to animal behavior.

Answers: b, c, c, a, c, a, d, a, d, b, b, c, c, b, c