Solutions to Exercises for Section 5.4, Part II

 

  For Interpretation 2

 

6.         2 is odd.

8.         2 is neither odd nor prime.

9.         Every natural number is both odd and even.

10.       It’s not the case that 2 is even only if 3 is odd.

11.       If every natural number is odd, then 2 is prime.

12.       Some natural number is odd if it is prime.

14.       Not all natural numbers are prime.

15.       Some natural number is either prime or not.

16.       If both 2 and 3 are odd, then every natural number is odd.

17.       All odd natural numbers are prime.

18.       3 is greater than 2, and 2 is not greater than 3.

19.       Some natural number is greater than 2.

20.       No natural number is greater than all natural numbers.

22.       No natural number than which another natural number is greater is greater than that other natural number.

23.       Any prime natural number that is greater than 2 is odd.

 

 

Solutions to Exercises for Section 5.5

 

1.         I2: True.

2.         I2: False.

4.         I2: True.

5.         I2: True.

6.         I2: True.

8.         I2: False.

9.         I2: True.

10        I2: False.

11.       I2: False.

12.       I2: True.

14.       I2: True.

15.       I2: True.

 

For the following solutions, the interpretation on the left is an interpretation under which the relevant statement is false, and the interpretation on the right is an interpretation under which the relevant statement is true.

 

16.       D: people                     D: people

            Ax: x is a person           Ax: x is a person

            r: Fido (the dog)           r: Joe Biden

 

17.       D: people                     D: people

            Ax: x is a person           Ax: x is a person

            Bx: x is a dog                Bx: x is a daughter

 

18.       D: people                     D: people

            Ax: x is a person           Ax: x is a person

            Bx: x is a dog                Bx: x is male

r: Joe Biden                  r: Joe Biden

 

20.       D: people                     D: people

            Ax: x is an astronaut      Ax: x is an astronaut

            Bx: x is male                 Bx: x is a human being

 

21.       D: people                                                         D: people

            Mx: x is male                                                    Mx: x is male

            Bx: x is a professional basketball player Bx: x is a professional basketball player

g: Joe Biden                                                      g: Sarah Palin

 

 

More to come!