CSUN FALL 2010 Soc 324 KARAGEORGIS
Exam 3 Preparation Items (NO MORE ITEMS WILL BE ADDED) (a sample of 70 items from the
100 items below will appear on Exam 3)
1) According to TGSR (Bordo), through seemingly trivial (bodily) routines, rules and practices culture is converted into automatic, habitual, (bodily) activity.
a) True.
b) False.
2) According to TGSR (Bordo), ____________ has/ve been psychological disorders primarily associated with girls and women.
a) neurasthenia and hysteria
b) agoraphobia
c) anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and other eating disorders
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
3) According to TGSR (Bordo), through deliberate demonstration, the anorectic exposes and indicts the double-binding cultural ideals around which her life is organized.
a) True.
b) False.
4) According to TGSR (Bordo), functionally, the symptoms of hysteria, agoraphobia and anorexia
a) isolate, weaken, and undermine the sufferers.
b) turn the life of the body into an all-absorbing fetish.
c) have both of the above effects.
d) have none of the above effects.
5) According to TGSR (Bordo), a range of contemporary representations and images have coded the transcendence of female appetite, and its public display in the slenderness ideal in terms of power, will, mastery, and the possibility of success in the professional arena.
a) True
b) False
6) According to TGSR (Bordo), our daily bodily practices are overwhelmingly in the service of resistance to gender domination.
a) True.
b) False.
7) According to TGSR (Bordo), a determinedly skeptical
attitude toward the routes of seeming liberation and pleasure offered by our
culture is required of us lest we find ourselves distracted, depressed and physically
ill as a result of pursuing feminine (or masculine) embodied ideals.
a) True.
b) False.
8) According to TGSR (Bordo), there are no benefits from diet, exercise and other forms of body management.
a) True.
b) False.
9) According to TGSR (Sabo), strictly biogenic factors account for about three quarters of the variation in men’s early mortality.
a) True.
b) False.
10) According to TGSR (Sabo),
a) the best evidence indicates that the overall differences
in morbidity between men and women are real, and are due to a mixture of
biological, psychological and social influences.
b) at any given historical moment there are competing
masculinities, each with its respective structural, psychological and cultural
moorings.
c) men’s health options, and the ways in which they enact
masculinity in their everyday lives vary significantly by age-group, income and
wealth, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, etc.
d) all of the above are true.
e) none of the above is true.
11) According to TGSR (Sabo), a sensible preventive health
strategy for the 21st century calls upon men to challenge the
negative aspects of traditional masculinity that endanger their health, while
hanging on to the positive aspects of masculinity and men’s lifestyles that
heighten men’s physical vitality.
a) True.
b) False.
12) According
to TGSR (Cancian) and class discussion, _________ is/are among contemporary
a) being concerned about and actively working on the emotional aspects of the relationship
b) completing tasks (especially those that are onerous and time-consuming, or require special skills or patience) for the sake or enjoyment of the other
c) choosing to spend time with the other, even though it could be more pleasantly spent doing something else or being with someone else
d) all of the above
e) b) and c) ONLY.
13) According to TGSR (Cancian),
a) the differences between masculine and feminine styles of love reinforce men’s power over women.
b) men’s dependency on women is overt and exaggerated while women’s dependency on men remains covert and repressed.
c) the identification of love with expressing feelings contributes to the lack of recognition and devaluation of the active, instrumental component of both women’s AND men’s love.
d) all of the above are true.
e) a) and c) only are true.
14) According to TGSR (Cancian), in reality, a major way by which women demonstrate love is in the clearly instrumental activities associated with caring of others.
a) True.
b) False.
15) According
to TGSR (Cancian) and class discussion,
a) defining love as expressive, feminine, and divorced from productive activity maintains the ideology of separate spheres.
b) the ‘feminization of love’ intensifies the conflicts over intimacy between men and women in close relationships.
c) for many men, talking about the relationship, as their female partner appear to want them to, may well feel to them like taking a test that she put together, and will evaluate his performance on based on criteria that she can change unpredictably (to him) or he can never meet.
d) all of the above are true.
e) none of the above is true.
16) According to TGSR (Cancian), from an androgynous perspective on love, progress towards realizing the values of improving the status of women and humanizing the public sphere could be made through ________________.
a) changes that equalize the economic and emotional dependency between women and men
b) relations of paid work becoming more personal and nurturant
c) cultural conceptions of love becoming more androgynous (i.e. less gendered)
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
17) According to TGSR (Cancian), in practice, men have a more ‘romantic’ (less cynical and ‘realistic’) attitude towards their partners than do women.
a) True.
b) False.
18) According to TGSR (Sprecher and Toro-Morn), examining
gender differences (and similarities) in beliefs about love and romantic
relationships in conjunction with the influence of other social group
memberships ____________________.
a) allows us to examine the importance of membership in a
gender group as compared to membership in other social groups in explaining
variation in beliefs about love and relationships
b) allows us to examine whether a particular gender
effect depends on, or differs on the basis of, membership in other social
groups
c) allows us to examine the universality of gender
differences
d) allows us to do all of the above
e) allows us to do none of the above
19) According to TGSR (Sprecher and Toro-Morn), there are few (if any) differences between the experience of being “in love” and the experience of “love”.
a) True.
b) False.
20) According to TGSR (Sprecher and Toro-Morn),
______________ is/are part of what has been called the ‘romantic ideology’
a) “love can overcome any obstacle”
b) “there is only one true love”
c) “true love lasts forever”
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
21) According to TGSR (Sprecher and Toro-Morn), __________ is/are among the six styles of loving or attitudes about love:
a) romantic, passionate love
b) possessive, dependent love
c) selfless love
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
22) According to TGSR (Sprecher and Toro-Morn), which of the following is NOT one of the findings of their research?
a) Both men and women in their U.S. sample judged
emotional satisfaction to be more important than physical pleasure to maintain
a marriage.
b) In their U.S. sample, women were more likely than men
to idealize their partner and the relationship.
c) In their Chinese sample, women were more likely to
believe in destiny or fate in romantic relationships than men.
d) The effect of gender on relationship beliefs was not statistically
significantly different for Whites, Blacks and Hispanics/Latinos.
e) In their U.S. sample, approximately as many ethnic/race and social class differences were found as gender differences.
23) According to TGSR (Sprecher and Toro-Morn), it is possible that when women are unconstrained by practical considerations, and are free to emphasize emotional considerations in a marriage partner, they actually emphasize love as a prerequisite of marriage to a greater degree than do men.
a) True.
b) False.
24) According to TGSR (Sprecher and Toro-Morn), gender may be an overrated variable that does not (by itself) explain much variance in relationship beliefs and other phenomena.
a) True.
b) False.
25) According to TGSR (Kimmel), in a society of sexual plenty there might be no need for pornography, because the pornographic need is fed by sexual scarcity and repression.
a) True
b) False
26) According to TGSR (Kimmel), men’s confrontation with the issue of pornography revolves around ________ .
a) the relationship between pornography and sexuality
b) the relationship between pornography and violence against women
c) the ways in which pornography shapes our relationship with other men
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
27) According to TGSR (Kimmel), it is the social context that determines sexual arousal, which permits the imaginative leap between a movie screen, (T.V. or computer monitor), or centerfold and fantasies of sexual gratification.
a) True.
b) False.
28) According to TGSR (Kimmel), men often hold which
of the following notions about women’s sexuality?
a) Women are passive and asexual/frigid.
b) Women are insatiable and demanding.
c) Both of the above, despite their being contradictory.
d) a) OR b) but not both, as they are contradictory.
e) Neither a) NOR b).
29) According to TGSR (Kimmel), the norms of
masculinity require that men should want sex all the time, and produce instant
and lasting penile erections on demand.
a) True.
b) False.
30) According to TGSR (Kimmel), sexual repression produces a world in which the nonsexual is constantly sexualized.
a)
True.
b) False.
31) According to TGSR (Kimmel),
a) (contemporary American) men’s consistent complaint of sexual deprivation has a strong basis in male biology (especially testosterone).
b) sexual pleasure is the primary goal in a sexual encounter for men.
c) to (almost) never refuse an offer of sex is a crucial element in the normative definition of (contemporary American) masculinity.
d) all of the above are true.
e) none of the above is true.
32) According to TGSR (Kimmel), in general, the dynamic of men wanting and women refusing (or withholding) sex is established early in our adolescent sexual socialization, and has important consequences for both men’s and women’s sexualities.
a) True.
b) False.
33) According to TGSR (Kimmel), most (contemporary American) men feel powerless and are often angry at women, whom they perceive as having sexual power over them: the power to arouse them and to give or withhold sex.
a) True.
b) False.
34) According to TGSR (Kimmel), pornographic fantasy is a revenge fantasy against women’s perceived power, a fantasy that often turns women’s power to say no into their inability to get enough.
a) True.
b) False.
35) According
to TGSR (Kimmel), confronting the role of pornography in men’s lives necessarily
means removing sexual fantasy and constraining men’s desire and capacity to
imagine a world unlike the one in which they live, a world of sexual plenty.
a) True.
b) False.
36) According to TGSR (Milkie), an important way that the disadvantage of women and minorities is created and perpetuated is through ignoring or portraying them in narrow, demeaning, trivializing or distorted ways in the media.
a) True.
b) False.
37) According
to TGSR (Milkie), relative to real
a) celebrates impossibly thin “barely there” bodies “perfected” by artificial means
b) continues to overwhelmingly focus on appearance and relations with men compared to other pursuits
c) may contribute to girls’ and women’s higher rates of dissatisfaction with their bodies, depression, or disordered eating
d) All of the above.
e) None of the above.
38) According to TGSR (Milkie), the struggle over how femininity is defined in the culture occurs at ___________.
a) the individual level
b) the institutional level
c) the juncture between the individual and institutional levels
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
39) According to TGSR (Milkie), opposition to stereotypical media images/portrayals is relatively uncommon among girls and women, with a significant proportion of women lauding dominant definitions of femininity as natural, realistic, and reflective of the full gamut of actual women.
a) True.
b) False.
40) According
to TGSR (Milkie), media frames are ___________ .
a) principles of selection (inclusion/exclusion)
b) principles of relative emphasis
c) principles of representation
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
41) According to TGSR (Milkie), unlike those in other
types of organization, cultural producers do not rely heavily on frames,
scripts and schemas that the organizational culture makes available regarding
what their products should look like and what keeps them commercially viable.
a) True.
b) False.
42) According to TGSR (Milkie), the editors in the two prominent girls’ magazines Milkie interviewed
a) frequently legitimated girls’ calls for authenticity and realism but claimed inability to heed them due to organizational and industry level constraints.
b) called on schemas about how girls are supposed the interpret the images of girls and women in magazines, delegitimizing girls’ critiques as misguided.
c) had either one or both of the above responses to their readers’ “real girl” critique of their magazines’ portrayal of an unrealistic female image.
d) Had neither of the above responses to their readers’ “real girl” critique of their magazines’ portrayal of an unrealistic female image.
43) According to TGSR (Milkie), who/which among the following were claimed by the editors in the two prominent girls’ magazines Milkie interviewed as ultimately responsible for their magazines’ portrayals of girls and women?
a)
Those in
the artistic world
b)
Advertisers
c)
Culture,
society or the media at large
d)
All of the above
e)
None of
the above
44) According to TGSR (Milkie), the editors in the two prominent girls’ magazines Milkie interviewed argued that the “real girl” critique offered by some of their readers is misguided because those girls __________.
a) misunderstand how authentic images of females would appear in the magazine pages
b) misread the intent of the images
c) misread the overall message of the magazines
d) do all of the above
e) do none of the above
45) According to TGSR (Milkie), one way that editors in
the two prominent girls’ magazines Milkie interviewed delegitimated the “real
girl” criticism was by suggesting that readers do not truly want real/normal
girls portrayed in the images, based on a falsely dichotomous identification of
the “real girls” many of their readers would prefer to see depicted with
“overweight and ugly” girls.
a) True.
b) False.
46) According to TGSR (Milkie), editors in the two
prominent girls’ magazines Milkie interviewed delegitimated their readers’
critique of inauthenticity in their magazines’ depictions of girls and women
through arguing that images are supposed to be realistic, and are not designed
to provide fantasy images of femininity.
a) True.
b) False.
47) According to TGSR (Milkie), editors in the two
prominent girls’ magazines Milkie interviewed delegitimated criticism through
suggesting that if readers examined the overall message of their magazines to
young women they would overcome their need for more authentic/realistic images.
a) True.
b) False.
48) According to TGSR (Milkie), the accounts of editors in
the two prominent girls’ magazines Milkie interviewed reveal that the
rhetorical strategies that fit with the organizations’ practices, and are
relied on by the editors, are powerful material
or economic constraints on change in the depiction of girls/women and
femininity in the media.
a)
True.
b)
False.
49) According to TGSR (Milkie), girls’ critique of the depiction
of girls and women in the media becomes part of serious struggles over defining
femininity within media organizations but is diffused, resulting in the
maintenance and reproduction of inauthentic images of women and girls that, at
least for some period of time, girls must continue to contend with.
a)
True.
b)
False.
50) According to TGSR (Milkie), __________ is/are among the ways that individuals can be critical of the depictions of reality in mainstream media.
a) devaluing or ignoring (all) media
b) opposing dominant media culture through using alternative media
c) critiquing and changing mainstream media and their images
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
51) According to TGSR (England, Fitzgibbons Shafer, and Fogarty), before the 1960s and 1970s the taboo against pre-marital sex was almost never broken among working, lower-middle and upper-middle class Americans.
a) True.
b) False.
52) According
to TGSR (
a) True.
b) False.
53) According
to TGSR (
a) casual dating is currently more common than “hooking up”
b) “hooking up” is currently about as common as casual dating
c) casual dating is currently less common than “hooking up”
d) casual dating currently precedes “hooking up”
e) serious, exclusive, ‘steady’ dating currently precedes “hooking up”
54) According to TGSR (England, Fitzgibbons Shafer, and
Fogarty), contemporary U.S. college students use the term “hook up” to refer to
a situation where two people are hanging out or run into each other at an event
(usually a party), and they end up doing something sexual, usually after going
to one person’s room.
a) True.
b) False.
55) According
to TGSR (
a) sexual behavior that does not include intercourse is not seen as “having sex”
b) a hook up carries no expectation that either party is interested in moving toward a (steadier) relationship
c) hook ups often happen after a good bit of drinking
d) all of the above are true
e) none of the above is true
56) According
to TGSR (
a) True.
b) False.
57) According to TGSR (England, Fitzgibbons Shafer, and Fogarty), among contemporary U.S. college students, the sexual behavior involved in hook ups ______.
a) is not seen to have affection, an exclusive romantic (or even sexual) relationship or even an interest in such a relationship as a prerequisite
b) is overwhelmingly seen as acceptably including, even requiring, intercourse
c) is initiated almost equally by men and women
d) results in orgasm for women more often than it does for men
e) is evaluated as being enjoyable (regardless of orgasm) more by men than it is by women
58) According to TGSR (England, Fitzgibbons Shafer, and Fogarty), at present, the sexual double standard among U.S. college students is primarily manifested in how men versus women who hook up a lot (with “too many people”) are viewed (and treated).
a)
True.
b)
False.
59) According to TGSR (England, Fitzgibbons Shafer, and Fogarty), the sexual double standard surrounding “hook ups” presents women who want relationships with a real dilemma: the main path into relationships today is through hook ups, but through hooking up they also risk men’s thinking that they are not “relationship material”.
a)
True
b)
False
60) According to TGSR (
a)
have not
replaced relationships
b)
have
altered the pathway into relationships
c)
may have
largely replaced casual dating
d)
all of
the above
e)
none of
the above
61) According to TGSR (
a) True.
b) False.
62) According to TGSR (
a) True.
b) False.
63) According to TGSR (England, Fitzgibbons Shafer, and Fogarty), a great gender revolution is evident in sexual and romantic affairs, as seen in the evidence that among contemporary U.S. college students there exists, normatively and in practice, a single ‘equal opportunity’ (sexual and romantic) standard for (both) men and women.
a) True.
b) False.
64) According to TGSR (
a) may indicate that women are, in fact, more interested
in relationships than men
b) may be the result of women feeling that they are
supposed to limit hook ups to those in whom they have a relational interest,
while men feel they are supposed to be ready for sex all the time
c) may be the result not of women actually liking
relationships more than men but of believing more strongly than men that sex
should be relational
d) may be the result of women knowing that they will be
judged more harshly than men for non-relational sex
e) is consistent with all of the above accounts
65) According to TGSR (
a) True.
b) False.
66) According to TGSR (Quinn), gendered ambiguity in defining acts of sexual harassment might be the most robust finding in sexual harassment research.
a)
True.
b)
False.
67) According to TGSR (Quinn), the question of the differences between men and women regarding what does and does not constitute sexual harassment may best be unraveled by exploring how the subjectivities of perpetrators, victims and resistors of sexual harassment are discursively produced, reproduced and altered.
a) True.
b) False.
68) According to TGSR (Quinn), the term “girl watching” _______________.
a) refers to an indisputable form of sexual harassment
b) refers to the act of (heterosexual) men’s sexually
evaluating women, often in the company of other men
c) refers to the act of (heterosexual) men frequenting
strip clubs
d) refers to all of the above
e) refers to none of the above
69) According to TGSR (Quinn), the target of “girl watching” may be __________.
a) an individual woman or group of women
b) simply a photograph or other representation of a woman or women
c) a female stranger, coworker, supervisor, employee or client
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
70) According to TGSR (Quinn), “girl watching” ____________.
a) is relatively rare within the workplace
b) is no longer normalized and trivialized as only play, or “boys will boys”
c) sits on the blurry edge between fun and harm, joking/playfulness and harassment
d) is accepted as a natural, commonplace (even required) activity for a man, so long as it is not done in the presence of other men
e) is an activity men engage in as an entry-point to asking a woman out on a date
71) According to TGSR (Quinn), “girl watching” ____________.
a) may be used by men as a directed act of power against a particular woman or women
b) , when obliquely motivated and characterized by men as “only play”, functions as a game men play to build shared masculine identities and social relations
c) entails the objectification of the woman/women watched and a suppression of empathy for her/them
d) has all of the above characteristics
e) has none of the above characteristics
72) According to TGSR (Quinn), “girl watching” works similarly to the sexual joking that is a common way for heterosexual men to establish intimacy among themselves.
a) True.
b) False.
73) According to TGSR (Quinn), when asked what “being a
man” entailed, many of 43 currently employed men and women the author
interviewed between June 1994 and March 1995 triangulated notions of strength
(in muscle, character or job performance), domination, and an overflowing, and
to some degree uncontrollable, sexuality natural to the male (of the) “species”.
a) True.
b) False.
74) According to TGSR (Quinn), all forms of “girl watching” practiced by a man are enhancing of his masculine identity and social relations with other men.
a) True.
b) False.
75) According to TGSR (Quinn), for “girl watching” to succeed as a performance of heterosexual masculinity among men ____________.
a) it requires the presence of a woman or women in some form (embodied, pictorial, or as an image conjured by from words)
b) it does not require a woman or women’s subjectivity and active participation
c) it requires and presupposes a studied, often compulsory, lack of motivation by men to identify with women’s experiences (take the position or role of the female/feminine other)
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
76) According to TGSR (Quinn) and class discussion, when a
woman or women who are the targets of a man or men’s “girl watching” actively
respond(s) (by looking back, by asking “What are you looking at?”, or even by
knowingly and visibly adjusting her/their conduct and comportment in light of
being “girl watched”), she/they is/are often perceived by the man/men in
question as unfairly and unnecessarily turning a simple and harmless way that
men ‘act like men’ into something problematic, and inviting of illegitimate
encroachment of external legal, organizational or social/cultural sanctioning
authority into the everyday social (including work) world.
a) True.
b) False.
77) According to TGSR (Quinn), forms of sexually harassing behaviors such as “girl watching” ______________.
a) are primarily produced from lack of knowledge on the
part of men of what the law classifies as “sexual harassment”
b) are primarily produced from simple sexist attitudes or
misplaced sexual desire
c) are mechanisms through which gendered boundaries are
patrolled and invoked, and by which deeply held identities are established (or
rendered ‘real’)
d) have all of the above characteristics
e) have none of the above characteristics
78) According to TGSR (Quinn), men are always concerned with getting caught when/as they are engaging in “girl watching”.
a) True.
b) False.
79) According to TGSR (Quinn), the source of the contradiction, whereby men have fairly good abstract understandings of the behaviors that their employers’ sexual harassment policies prohibit yet fail to identify specific behaviors they speak of when relating stories of social relations in their workplace as sexual harassment when they match those abstract definitions, lies not so much in acts of ignoring but in ignorance.
a) True.
b) False.
80) According to TGSR (Quinn), quid pro quo sexual harassment occurs when a person with organizational power attempts to coerce an individual into sexual behavior by threatening adverse job actions.
a) True.
b) False.
81) According to TGS (Epilogue), the direction of the gendered society in the new century and the new millennium ____________.
a) is for women and men to become increasingly similar (to each other)
b) is for those traits and behaviors heretofore labeled masculine and feminine to be labeled human qualities accessible to men and women who are grown up to claim them.
c) suggests a form of gender protestantism
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
82) According to TGS (Epilogue), the second part of the transformation of gender involves the transformation of women’s lives.
a) True.
b) False.
83) According to TGS (Epilogue), “eliminating gender difference as a meaningful, consequential component of institutions and identity” will not result in reduced gender inequality.
a) True.
b) False.
84) According to class discussion and contrary to TGS
(Epilogue), eliminating gender difference as a meaningful, consequential
component of institutions and identity will
result in reduced gender inequality, since it would eliminate one of the
necessary (but insufficient) conditions for the creation and, most strongly,
the perpetuation of gender inequality.
a) True.
b) False.
85) According to TGS (Chapter 11), gender differences ___________________.
a) persist in our sexual expression and sexual experiences
b) persist in our health experiences and our health seeking
c) are far less significant than they used to be and are tending towards increased convergence
d) have all of the above characteristics
e) have none of the above characteristics
86) According to TGS (Chapter 11), to the delight of most feminists, many young women have come to feel that drinking, fighting, smoking, and other typically ‘masculine’ behaviors are a sign of weakness -- and therefore not cool.
a) True.
b) False.
87) According to TGS (Chapter 11), the longer-range historical trend of the past several centuries has been to increase the importance of sexual compatibility and expression in our married lives as a result of _________________.
a) the increased amount of time between attaining
biological sexual maturity and marriage
b) the availability of (safe, reliable, affordable and
woman-controlled) contraception and (relatively gender-egalitarian and not
prohibitively costly) divorce
c) an (increasingly de-gendered) ethic of individual self-fulfillment
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
88) According to TGS (Chapter 11), the more equal are women and men, the more unsatisfied women and men are with their sex lives.
a) True.
b) False.
89) According to TGS (Chapter 11), homophobia reinforces the gender(ed character) of sex, keeping men acting hypermasculine and women acting ultrafeminine, lest they be perceived as gender inverts and thus, according to the popular misconception, as homosexual.
a) True.
b) False.
90) According to TGS (Chapter 11), the evidence points overwhelmingly towards the conclusion that homosexuality (like heterosexuality) is deeply gendered, and that gay men and lesbian women are true gender conformists (except for the sex category of their preferred sexual partners).
a) True.
b) False.
91) According to TGS (Chapter 11), women’s increase in sexual agency has been accompanied by a sharp increase in men’s capacity for intimacy and emotional connectedness.
a) True.
b) False.
92) According to TGS (Chapter 11), it is the male gaze of ____________________ that motivates drastic measures such as “penis enlargement” or “vaginal reconstruction surgery”.
a) a potential sexual partner
b) a potential sexual rival
c) a competitor in the marketplace or athletic field
d) any one, or any combination of the above
e) none of the above
93) According to TGS (Chapter 11), anorexia (nervosa) and bulimia (nervosa) _____________.
a) are extreme and very serious problems that, left untreated, may prove life-threatening
b) represent only the furthest reaches of a continuum of (excessive) preoccupation with the body that begins with such “normal” behaviors as compulsive exercise or dieting
c) are more prevalent in advanced, industrial societies and among groups that are relatively affluent
d) have all of the above characteristics
e) have none of the above characteristics
94) According to TGS (Chapter 10), in contemporary U.S. society, to be (and be seen as) emotionally open and vulnerable with a person of the same sex category raises a much more significant “risk” of being seen and labeled as a gender nonconformist and (“therefore”) homosexual for men than for women.
a) True.
b) False.
95) According to TGS (Chapter 10), homophobia inhibits men’s and women’s experience of physical (bodily) closeness.
a)
True.
b)
False.
96) According to TGS (Chapter 10), men’s friendships seem to be based on _____________.
a) continuity
b) perceived support and dependability
c) shared understandings
d) perceived compatibility
e) all of the above
97) According to TGS (Chapter 10), men express (non-sexual) intimacy with other men by ____________.
a) exchanging (non-sexual) favors
b) engaging in competitive actions
c) sharing accomplishments and including one another in activities
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
98) According to TGS (Chapter 10), there is much more dissimilarity that similarity in the manner in which women and men conduct their friendships.
a) True.
b) False.
99) According to TGS (Chapter 10), as the strength and duration of friendship increases, the differences between men and women in what they emphasize regarding friendships diminish markedly and virtually disappear.
a) True.
b) False.
100)
According to TGS
(Chapter 10), ____________ is/are
among the “barriers” to emotional intimacy among contemporary
a) (zero-sum) competition
b) the false need to be “in control” which forbids (or inhibits) self-disclosure and openness
c) lack of skills and positive role models for male intimacy
d) all of the above
e) none of the above