Article 9 - The World Judiciary
Sec. A - Jurisdiction of the World Supreme Court
1. A World Supreme Court shall be established, together with such regional
and district World Courts as may subsequently be found necessary. The
World Supreme Court shall comprise a number of benches.
2. The World Supreme Court, together with such regional and district World
Courts as may be established, shall have mandatory jurisdiction in all
cases, actions, disputes, conflicts, violations of law, civil suits,
guarantees of civil and human rights, c onstitutional interpretations,
and other litigations arising under the provisions of this World
Constitution, world legislation, and the body of world law approved by
the World Parliament.
3. Decisions of the World Supreme Court shall be binding on all parties
involved in all cases, actions and litigations brought before any bench
of the World Supreme Court for settlement. Each bench of the World
Supreme Court shall constitute a court of highest appeal, except when
matters of extra-ordinary public importance are assigned or transferred
to the Superior Tribunal of the World Supreme Court, as provided in
Section E of Article IX.
Sec. B - Benches of the World Supreme Court
The benches of the World Supreme Court and their respective jurisdictions
shall be as follows:
1. Bench for Human Rights: To deal with issues of human rights arising
under the guarantee of civil and human rights provided by Article XIII
of this World Constitution, and arising in pursuance of the provisions
of Article XIII of this World Constitutio n, and arising otherwise
under world legislation and the body of world law approved by the World
Parliament.
2. Bench for Criminal Cases: To deal with issues arising from the
violation of world laws and world legislation by individuals,
corporations, groups and associations, but not issues primarily
concerned with human rights.
3. Bench for Civil Cases: To deal with issues involving civil law suits
and disputes between individuals, corporations, groups and associations
arising under world legislation and world law and the administration
thereof.
4. Bench for Constitutional Cases: To deal with the interpretation of the
World Constitution and with issues and actions arising in connection
with the interpretation of the World Constitution.
5. Bench for International Conflicts: To deal with disputes, conflicts and
legal contest arising between or among the nations which have joined in
the Federation of Earth.
6. Bench for Public Cases: To deal with issues not under the jurisdiction
of another bench arising from conflicts, disputes, civil suits or other
legal contests between the World Government and corporations, groups or
individuals, or between national gov ernments and corporations, groups
or individuals in cases involving world legislation and world law.
7. Appellate Bench: To deal with issues involving world legislation and
world law which may be appealed from national courts; and to decide
which bench to assign a case or action or litigation when a question or
disagreement arises over the proper jurisd iction.
8. Advisory Bench: To give opinions upon request on any legal question
arising under world law or world legislation, exclusive of contests or
actions involving interpretation of the World Constitution. Advisory
opinions may be requested by any House or c ommittee of the World
Parliament, by the Presidium, any Administrative Department, the Office
of World Attorneys General, the World Ombudsmus, or by any agency of
the Integrative Complex.
9. Other benches may be established, combined or terminated upon
recommendation of the Collegium of World Judges with approval by the
World Parliament; but benches number one through eight may not be
combined nor terminated except by amendment of this Wo rld
Constitution.
Sec. C - Seats of the World Supreme Court
1. The primary seat of the World Supreme Court and all benches shall be
the same as for the location of the Primary World Capital and for the
location of the World Parliament and the World Executive.
2. Continental seats of the World Supreme Court shall be established in
the four secondary capitals of the World Government located in four
different Continental Divisions of Earth, as provided in Article XV.
3. The following permanent benches of the World Supreme Court shall be
established both at the primary seat and at each of the continental
seats: Human Rights, Criminal Cases, Civil Cases, and Public Cases.
4. The following permanent benches of the World Supreme Court shall be
located only at the primary seat of the World Supreme Court:
Constitutional Cases, International Conflicts, Appellate Bench, and
Advisory Bench.
5. Benches which are located permanently only at the primary seat of the
World Supreme Court may hold special sessions at the other continental
seats of the World Supreme Court when necessary, or may establish
continental circuits if needed.
6. Benches of the World Supreme Court which have permanent continental
locations may hold special sessions at other locations when needed, or
may establish regional circuits if needed.
Sec. D - The Collegium of World Judges
1. A Collegium of World Judges shall be established by the World
Parliament. The Collegium shall consist of a minimum of twenty member
judges, and may be expanded as needed but not to exceed sixty members.
2. The World Judges to compose the Collegium of World Judges shall be
nominated by the House of Counsellors and shall be elected by plurality
vote of the three Houses of the World Parliament in joint session. The
House of Counsellors shall nominate betwe en two and three times the
number of world judges to be elected at any one time. An equal number
of World Judges shall be elected from each of ten World Electoral and
Administrative Magna-Regions, if not immediately then by rotation.
3. The term of office for a World Judge shall be ten years. Successive
terms may be served without limit.
4. The Collegium of World Judges shall elect a Presiding Council of World
Judges, consisting of a Chief Justice and four Associate Chief
Justices. One member of the Presiding Council of World Judges shall be
elected from each of five Continental Divisio ns of Earth. Members of
the Presiding Council of World Judges shall serve five year terms on
the Presiding Council, and may serve two successive terms, but not two
successive terms as Chief Justice.
5. The Presiding Council of World Judges shall assign all World Judges,
including themselves, to the several benches of the World Supreme
Court. Each bench for a sitting at each location shall have a minimum
of three World Judges, except that the number of World Judges for
benches on Continental Cases and International Conflicts, and the
Appellate Bench, shall be no less than five.
6. The member judges of each bench at each location shall choose annually
a Presiding Judge, who may serve two successive terms.
7. The members of the several benches may be reconstituted from time to
time as may seem desirable or necessary upon the decision of the
Presiding Council of World Judges. Any decision to re-constitute a
bench shall be referred to a vote of the entire C ollegium of World
Judges by request of any World Judge.
8. Any World Judge may be removed from office for cause by an absolute
two- thirds majority vote of the three Houses of the World Parliament
in joint session.
9. Qualifications for Judges of the World Supreme Court shall be at least
ten years of legal or juristic experience, minimum age of thirty years,
and evident competence in world law and the humanities.
10. The salaries, expenses, remunerations and prerogatives of the World
Judges shall be determined by the World Parliament, and shall be
reviewed every five years, but shall not be changed to the disadvantage
of any World Judge during a term of office. A ll members of the
Collegium of World Judges shall receive the same salaries, except that
additional compensation may be given to the Presiding Council of World
Judges.
11. Upon recommendation by the Collegium of World Judges, the World
Parliament shall have the authority to establish regional and district
world courts below the World Supreme Court, and to establish the
jurisdictions thereof, and the procedures for appea l to the World
Supreme Court or to the several benches thereof.
12. The detailed rules of procedure for the functioning of the World
Supreme Court, the Collegium of World Judges, and for each bench of the
World Supreme Court, shall be decided and amended by absolute majority
vote of the Collegium of World Judges.
Sec. E - The Superior Tribunal of the World Supreme Court
1. A Superior Tribunal of the World Supreme Court shall be established to
take cases which are considered to be of extra-ordinary public
importance. The Superior Tribunal for any calendar year shall consist
of the Presiding Council of World Judges togeth er with one World Judge
named by the Presiding Judge of each bench of the World Court sitting
at the primary seat of the World Supreme Court. The composition of the
Superior Tribunal may be continued unchanged for a second year by
decision of the Presidin g Council of World Judges.
2. Any party to any dispute, issue, case or litigation coming under the
jurisdiction of the World Supreme Court, may apply to any particular
bench of the World Supreme Court or to the Presiding Council of World
Judges for the assignment or transfer of th e case to the Superior
Tribunal on the grounds of extra-ordinary public importance. If the
application is granted, the case shall be heard and disposed of by the
Superior Tribunal. Also, any bench taking any particular case, if
satisfied that the case is of extra-ordinary public importance, may of
its own discretion transfer the case to the Superior Tribunal.
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Article 10 - The Enforcement System
Sec. A - Basic Principles
1. The enforcement of world law and world legislation shall apply directly
to individual, and individuals shall be held responsible for compliance
with world law and world legislation regardless of whether the
individuals are acting in their own capacity or as agents or officials
of governments at any level or of the institutions of governments, or
as agents or officials of corporations, organizations, associations or
groups of any kind.
2. When world law or world legislation or decisions of the world courts
are violated, the Enforcement System shall operate to identify and
apprehend the individuals responsible for violations.
3. Any enforcement action shall not violate the civil and human rights
guaranteed under this World Constitution.
4. The enforcement of world law and world legislation shall be carried out
in the context of a non-military world federation wherein all member
nations shall disarm as a condition for joining and benefiting from the
world federation, subject to Article X VII, Sec. C-8 and D-6. The
Federation of Earth and World Government under this World Constitution
shall neither keep nor use weapons of mass destruction.
5. Those agents of the enforcement system whose function shall be to
apprehend and bring to court violators of world law and world
legislation shall be equipped only with such weapons as are appropriate
for the apprehension of the individuals responsible for violations.
6. The enforcement of world law and world legislation under this World
Constitution shall be conceived and developed primarily as the
processes of effective design and administration of world law and world
legislation to serve the welfare of all people o n Earth, with equity
and justice for all, in which the resources of Earth and the funds and
the credits of the World Government are used only to serve peaceful
human needs, and none used for weapons of mass destruction or for war
making capabilities.
Sec. B - The Structure for Enforcement: World Attorneys General
*The Enforcement System shall be headed by an Office of World Attorneys
General and a Commission of Regional World Attorneys.
*The Office of World Attorneys General shall be comprised of five members,
one of whom shall be designated as the World Attorney General and the other
four shall each be designated an Associate World Attorney General.
*The Commission of Regional World Attorneys shall consist of twenty
Regional World Attorneys.
*The members to compse the Office of World Attorneys General shall be
nominated by the House of Counsellors, with three nominees from each
Continental Division of Earth. One member of the Office shall be elected
from each of five Continental Divisions by plurality vote of the three
houses of the World Parliament in joint session.
*The term of office for a member of the Office of World Attorneys General
shall be ten years. A member may serve two consecutive terms. The position
of World Attorney General shall rotate every two years among the five
members of the Office. The orde r of rotation shall be decided among the
five members of the Office.
*The Office of World Attorneys General shall nominate members for the
Commission of twenty Regional World Attorneys from the twenty World
Electoral and Administrative Regions, with between two and three nominees
submitted for each Region. From these n ominations, the three Houses of the
World Parliament in joint session shall elect one Regional World Attorney
from each of the twenty Regions. Regional World Attorneys shall serve terms
of five years, and may serve three consecutive terms.
*Each Regional World Attorney shall organize and be in charge of an Office
of Regional World Attorney. Each Associate World Attorney General shall
supervise five Offices of Regional World Attorneys.
*The staff to carry out the work of enforcement, in addition to the five
members of the Office of World Attorneys General and the twenty Regional
World Attorneys, shall be selected from civil service lists, and shall be
organized for the following func tions:
* Investigation.
* Apprehension and arrest.
* Prosecution.
* Remedies and correction.
* Conflict resolution.
*Qualifications for a member of the Office of World Attorneys General and
for the Regional World Attorneys shall be at least thirty years of age, at
least seven years legal experience, and education in law and the humanities.
*The World Attorney General, the Associate World Attorneys General, and the
Regional World Attorneys shall at all times be responsible to the World
Parliament. Any member of the Office of World Attorneys General and any
Regional World Attorney can be r emoved from office for cause by a simple
majority vote of the three Houses of the World Parliament in joint session.
Sec. C - The World Police
1. That section of the staff of the Office of World Attorneys General and
of the Offices of Regional World Attorneys responsible for the
apprehension and arrest of violators of world law and world
legislation, shall be designated as World Police.
2. Each regional staff of the World Police shall be headed by a Regional
World Police Captain, who shall be appointed by the Regional World
Attorney.
3. The Office of World Attorneys General shall appoint a World Police
Supervisor, to be in charge of those activities which transcend
regional boundaries. The World Police Supervisor shall direct the
Regional World Police Captains in any actions which r equire
coordinated or joint action transcending regional boundaries, and shall
direct any action which requires initiation or direction from the
Office of World Attorneys General.
4. Searches and arrests to be made by World Police shall be made only upon
warrants issued by the Office of World Attorneys General or by a
Regional World Attorney.
5. World Police shall be armed only with weapons appropriate for the
apprehension of the individuals responsible for violation of world law.
6. Employment in the capacity of World Police Captain and World Police
Supervisor shall be limited to ten years.
7. The World Police Supervisor and any Regional World Police Captain may
be removed from office for cause by decision of the Office of World
Attorneys General or by absolute majority vote of the three Houses of
the World Parliament in joint session.
Sec. D - The Means of Enforcement
1. Non-military means of enforcement of world law and world legislation
shall be developed by the World Parliament and by the Office of World
Attorneys General in consultation with the Commission of Regional World
Attorneys, the Collegium of World Judges , the World Presidium, and the
World Ombudsmus. The actual means of enforcement shall require
legislation by the World Parliament.
2. Non-military means of enforcement which can be developed may include:
Denial of financial credit; denial of material resources and personnel;
revocation of licenses, charters, or corporate rights; impounding of
equipment; fines and damage payments; pe rformance of work to rectify
damages; imprisonment or isolation; and other means appropriate to the
specific situations.
3. To cope with situations of potential or actual riots, insurrection and
resort to armed violence, particular strategies and methods shall be
developed by the World Parliament and by the Office of World Attorneys
General in consultation with the Commiss ion of Regional World
Attorneys, the collegium of World Judges, the Presidium and the World
Ombudsmus. Such strategies and methods shall require enabling
legislation by the World Parliament where required in addition to the
specific provisions of this Wor ld Constitution.
4. A basic condition for preventing outbreaks of violence which the
Enforcement System shall facilitate in every way possible, shall be to
assure a fair hearing under non-violent circumstances for any person or
group having a grievance, and likewise to a ssure a fair opportunity
for a just settlement of any grievance with due regard for the rights
and welfare of all concerned.
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Article 11 - The World Ombudsmus
Sec. A - Functions and Powers of the World Ombudsmus
The functions and powers of the World Ombudsmus, as public defender, shall include the following:
1.To protect the People of Earth and all individuals against violations or neglect of universal human and civil rights
which are stipulated in Article 12 and other sections of this World Constitution.
2.To protect the People of Earth against violations of this World Constitution by any official or agency of the
World Government, including both elected and appointed officials or public employees regardless of organ,
department, office, agency or rank.
3.To press for the implementation of the Directive Principles for the World Government as defined in Article 13 of
this World Constitution.
4.To promote the welfare of the people of Earth by seeking to assure that conditions of social justice and of
minimizing disparities are achieved in the implementation and administration of world legislation and world law.
5.To keep on the alert for perils to humanity arising from technological innovations, environmental disruptions and
other diverse sources, and to launch initiatives for correction or prevention of such perils.
6.To ascertain that the administration of otherwise proper laws, ordinances and procedures of the World
Government do not result in unforseen injustices or inequities, or become stultified in bureaucracy or the details
of administration.
7.To receive and hear complaints, grievances or requests for aid from any person, group, organization,
association, body politic or agency concerning any matter which comes within the purview of the World
Ombudsmus.
8.To request the Office of World Attorneys General or any Regional World Attorney to initiate legal actions or
court proceedings whenever and wherever considered necessary or desirable in the view of the World
Ombudsmus.
9.To directly initiate legal actions and court proceedings whenever the World Ombudsmus deems necessary.
10.To review the functioning of the departments, bureaus, offices, commissions, institutes, organs and agencies of
the World Government to ascertain whether the procedures of the World government are adequately fulfilling
their purposes and serving the w elfare of humanity in optimum fashion, and to make recommendations for
improvements.
11.To present an annual report to the World Parliament and to the Presidium on the activities of the World
Ombudsmus, together with any recommendations for legislative measures to improve the functioning of the
World Government for the purpose of better serving the welfare of the People of Earth.
Sec. B - Composition of the World Ombudsmus
1.The World Ombudsmus shall be headed by a Council of World Ombudsen of five members, one of whom shall
be designated as Principal World Ombudsan, while the other four shall each be designated as an Associate World
Ombudsan.
2.Members to compose the Council of World Ombudsen shall be nominated by the House of Counsellors, with
three nominees from each Continental Division of Earth. One member of the Council shall be elected from each
of five Continental Divisions by plural ity vote of the three Houses of the World Parliament in joint session.
3.The term of office for a World Ombudsan shall be ten years. A World Ombudsan may serve two successive
terms. The position of Principal World Ombudsan shall be rotated every two years. The order of rotation shall be
determined by the Council of World Ombudsen.
4.The Council of World Ombudsen shall be assisted by a Commission of World Advocates of twenty members.
Members for the Commission of World Advocates shall be nominated by the Council of World Ombudsen from
twenty World Electoral and Administrative Reg ions, with between two and three nominees submitted for each
Region. One World Advocate shall be elected from each of the twenty World Electoral and Administrative
Regions by the three Houses of the World Parliament in joint session. World Advocates shall serve terms of five
years, and may serve a maximum of four successive terms.
5.The Council of World Ombudsen shall establish twenty regional offices, in addition to the principal world office
at the primary seat of the World Government. The twenty regional offices of the World Ombudsmus shall
parallel the organization of the twe nty Offices of Regional World Attorney.
6.Each regional office of the World Ombudsmus shall be headed by a World Advocate. Each five regional offices
of the World Ombudmus shall be supervised by an Associate World Ombudsan.
7.Any World Ombudsan and any World Advocatet may be removed from office for cause by an absolute majority
vote of the three Houses of the World Parliament in joint session.
8.Staff members for the World Ombudsmus and for each regional office of the World Ombudsmus shall be
selected and employed from civil service lists.
9.Qualifications for World Ombudsan and for World Advocate shall be at least thirty years of age, at least five
years legal experience, and education in law and other relevant education.
Article 12 - Bill of Rights for the Citizens of Earth
The inhabitants and citizens of Earth who are within the Federation of Earth shall have certain inalienable rights defined
hereunder. It shall be mandatory for the World Parliament, the World Executive, and all organs and agencies of the
World Government to honor, implement and enforce these rights, as well as for the national governments of all member
nations in the Federation of Earth to do likewise. Individuals or groups suffering violation or neglect of such rightst shall
have full recourse through the World Ombudsmus, the Enforcement System and the World Courts for redress of
grievances. The inalienable rights shall include the following:
1.Equal rights for all citizens of the Federation of Earth, with no discrimination on grounds of race, color, caste,
nationality, sex, religion, political affiliation, property, or social status.
2.Equal protection and application of world legislation and world laws for all citizens of the Federation of Earth.
3.Freedom of thought and conscience, speech, press, writing, communication, expression, publication,
broadcasting, telecasting, and cinema, except as an overt part of or incitement to violence, armed riot or
insurrection.
4.Freedom of assembly, association, organization, petition and peaceful demonstration.
5.Freedom to vote without duress, and freedom for political organization and campaigning without censorship or
recrimination.
6.Freedom to profess, practice and promote religious or religious beliefs or no religion or religious belief.
7.Freedom to profess and promote political beliefs or no political beliefs.
8.Freedom for investigation, research and reporting.
9.Freedom to travel without passport or visas or other forms of registration used to limit travel between, among or
within nations.
10.Prohibition against slavery, peonage, involuntary servitude, and conscription of labor.
11.Prohibition against military conscription.
12.Safety of person from arbitrary or unreasonable arrest, detention, exile, search or seizure; requirement of
warrants for searches and arrests.
13.Prohibition against physical or psychological duress or torture during any period of investigation, arrest,
detention or imprisonment, and against cruel or unusual punishment.
14.Right of habeous corpus; no ex-post-facto laws; no double jeopardy; right to refuse self-incrimination or the
incrimination of another.
15.Prohibition against private armies and paramilitary organizations as being threats to the common peace and
safety.
16.Safety of property from arbitrary seizure; protection against exercise of the power of eminent domain without
reasonable compensation.
17.Right to family planning and free public assistance to achieve family planning objectives.
18.Right of privacy of person, family and association; prohibition against surveillance as a means of political
control.
Article 13 - Directive Principles for the World Government
It shall be the aim of the World Government to secure certain other rights for all inhabitants within the Federation of
Earth, but without immediate guarantee of universal achievement and enforcement. These rightst are defined as Directive
Principles, obligating the World Government to pursue every reasonable means for universal realization and
implementation, and shall include the following:
1.Equal opportunity for useful employment for everyone, with wages or remuneration sufficient to assure human
dignity.
2.Freedom of choice in work, occupation, employment or profession.
3.Full access to information and to the accumulated knowledge of the human race.
4.Free and adequate public education available to everyone, extending to the pre-university level; Equal
opportunities for elementary and higher education for all persons; equal opportunity for continued education for
all persons throughout life; the ri ght of any person or parent to choose a private educational institution at any
time.
5.Free and adequate public health services and medical care available to everyone throughout life under conditions
of free choice.
6.Equal opportunity for leisure time for everyone; better distribution of the work load of society so that every
person may have equitable leisure time opportunities.
7.Equal opportunity for everyone to enjoy the benefits of scientific and technological discoveries and
developments.
8.Protection for everyone against the hazards and perils of technological innovations and developments.
9.Protection of the natural environment which is the common heritage of humanity against pollution, ecological
disruption or damage which could imperil life or lower the quality of life.
10.Conservation of those natural resources of Earth which are limited so that present and future generations may
continue to enjoy life on the planet Earth.
11.Assurance for everyone of adequate housing, of adequate and nutritious food supplies, of safe and adequate
water supplies, of pure air with protection of oxygen supplies and the ozone layer, and in general for the
continuance of an environment which c an sustain healthy living for all.
12.Assure to each child the right to the full realization of his or her potential.
13.Social Security for everyone to relieve the hazards of unemployment, sickness, old age, family circumstances,
disability, catastrophies of nature, and technological change, and to allow retirement with sufficient lifetime
income for living under condi tions of human dignity during older age.
14.Rapid elimination of and prohibitions against technological hazards and man-made environmental disturbances
which are found to create dangers to life on Earth.
15.Implementation of intensive programs to discover, develop and institute safe alternatives and practical
substitutions for technologies which must be eliminated and prohibited because of hazards and dangers to life.
16.Encouragement for cultural diversity; encouragement for decentralized administration.
17.Freedom for peaceful self-determination for minorities, refugees and dissenters.
18.Freedom for change of residence to anywhere on Earth conditioned by provisions for temporary sanctuaries in
events of large numbers of refugees, stateless persons, or mass migrations.
19.Prohibition against the death penalty.
Article 14 - Safeguards and Reservations
Sec. A - Certain Safeguards
The World Government shall operate to secure for all nations and peoples within the Federation of Earth the safeguards
which are defined hereunder:
1.Guarantee that full faith and credit shall be given to the public acts, records, legislation and judicial proceedings
of the member nations within the Federation of Earth, consistent with the several provisions of this World
Constitution.
2.Assure freedom of choice within the member nations and countries of the Federation of Earth to determine their
internal political, economic and social systems, consistent with the guarantees and protections given under this
World Constitution to assur e civil liberties and human rights and a safe environment for life, and otherwise
consistent with the several provisions of this World Constitution.
3.Grant the right of asylum within the Federation of Earth for persons who may seek refuge from countries or
nations which are not yet included within the Federation of Earth.
4.Grant the right of individuals and groups, after the Federation of Earth includes 90 percent of the territory of
Earth, to peacefully leave the hegemony of the Federation of Earth and to live in suitable territory set aside by the
Federation neither r estricted nor protected by the World Government, provided that such territory does not
extend beyond five percent of Earth's habitable territory, is kept completely disarmed and not used as a base for
inciting violence or insurrection within or against th e Federation of Earth or any member nation, and is kept free
of acts of environmental or technological damage which seriously affect Earth outside such territory.
Sec. B - Reservation of Powers
The powers not delegated to the World Government by this World Constitution shall be reserved to the nations of the
Federation of Earth and to the people of Earth.