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GLOSSARY
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A
absolute value - The distance between zero and the point representing a real number on the number line. The symbol |a| represents the absolute value of a number a.
acute angle - An angle with measures between 0 and 90 degrees.
acute triangle - A triangle with three acute angles.
B
bar graph - A bar graph is a graph that compares amounts.
C
congruent - equal in measure.
coordinate plane - The coordinate system formed by two real number lines that intersect at a right angle.
D
distributive property - For any real numbers a, b, and c, a(b + c) = ab + ac, (b+c)a = ba + ca, a(b-c) = ab - ac, and (b-c)a = ba - ca.
E
equation - A statement formed by placing an equal sign between two expressions.
equilateral triangle - A triangle with three congruent sides.
equivalent equations - Equations that have the same solution(s).
exponent - In exponential notation, the number times the base is used as a factor.
F
factor - A factor is an integer that divides another integer with no remainder.
example: 1,2,3,4,6,9,12,18, and 36 are factors of 36
G
greatest common factor (GCF) - The greatest common factor of two or more numbers is the greatest factor that the numbers have in common.
example: The greatest common factor (GCF) of 12 and 30 is 6
H
hypotenuse - In a right triangle, the hypontenuse is the longest side, which is opposite the right angle.
I
inequality - A statement formed by placing an inequality symbol, such as <, between two expressions.
integers - The numbers ... -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3,...
isosceles triangle - A triangle with at least two congruent sides.
J
K
L
least common denominator (LCD) - The least common denominator of two or more fractions is the least common multiple (LCM) of their denominators.
least common multiple (LCM) - The least common multiple of two or more numbers is the least number that is a common multiple.
example: The least common multiple (LCM) of 6 and 15 is 30 = (2)(3)(5).
like terms - Like terms are terms with the same variable(s), raised to the same power(s).
example: 3b+12b=15b, 3b and 12b are like terms. Like terms can be combined.
M
mean - The mean, or average, of a data set is the sum of the values in the set divided by the number of values in the set.
N
net - A net is a pattern that can be folded to form a space figure.
example: This net can be folded to form a cube.
O
obtuse angle - An angle with measure between 90 and 180 degrees.
obtuse triangle - A triangle with one obtuse angle.
P
percent - A ratio that compares a number to 100.
Pythagorean theorem - If a right triangle has legs of lengths a and b and hypotenuse of length c, then
Q
quadrants - Quadrants are the four regions determined by the x- and y- axes of the coordinate plane.
R
ratio of a to b - The relationship a/b of two quantities a and b.
right angle - An angle with measure equal to 90 degrees.
right triangle - A triangle with one right angle.
S
scatter plot - A coordinate graph containing points that represent a set of ordered points; used to analyze relationships between two real-life quantities.
slope - The ratio of the vertical rise to the horizontal run between any two points on a line.
sum - The result of adding two or more numbers.
T
trapezoid - A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides, called bases, called bases. The nonparallel sides are legs.
U
unit rate - A unit rate is a rate that has a denominator of 1.
example: If you drive 165 miles in 3 hours, your unit rate of travel is 55 miles in 1 hour or 55 mi/h.
165 divided by 3 is 55.
V
variable - A variable is a letter that stands for a number.
example: x is a variable in the equation 9 - x = 3.
W
whole numbers - The positive integers together with zero.
X
x-axis - The x-axis is the horizontal number line that, together with the y-axis, establishes the coordinate plane.
x-coordinate - The x-coordinate is the horizontal position of a point in the coordinate plane.
x-intercept - The x-intercept of a line is the x-coordinate of the point where the line crosses the x-axis.
The x-intercept occurs when y = 0.
Y
y-axis - The y-axis is the vertical number line that, together with the x-axis, forms the coordinate plane.
y-coordinate - The y-coordinate is the vertical position of a point in the coordinate plane.
y-intercept - The y-coordinate of a point where a graph crosses the y-axis.
The y-intercept occurs when x = 0.
Z
zero pair - A zero pair is a positive algebra tile paired with a negative algebra tile.
