1. The estimated number of people in the US that have diabetes (diagnosed or undiagnosed) is: 22 million
2. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hypoglycemia. True
3. The new classification of diabetes is based on: etiology type of treatment type of insulin
4. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by: insulin resistance insulin lack beta cell destruction
5. A 35 year old patient comes to your clinic with newly diagnosed diabetes. Lab tests reveal no C-peptide in her blood. She has lost a lot of weight recently, despite the fact that she has been eating a lot. This patient has: adult-onset diabetes GDM type 2 diabetes
6. The hormone that is secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas that raises blood glucose when levels are low is: glucagon epiniphrine insulin
7. Type 2 diabetes typically is diagnosed at a young age. true
8. Which of the following tissues requires insulin for glucose entry into cells: muscle liver kidney tissue
9. The _______________ period is a temporary time of remission of type 1 diabetes that occurs shortly after diagnosis. dawn
10. The renal threshhold for glucose is ___________ mg/dl. 180 120 200
11. If blood glucose levels are marginally low before exercise, the diabetic should not exercise that day. True
12. A diabetic passes out at a party you are attending. You know that she had exercised earlier in the day and hadn't eaten since. She most likely is experiencing a: hyperglycemic episode hypoglycemic episode ketotic episode
13. Blood albumin levels are an indicator of: visceral protein stores somatic protein stores energy status
14. Nutrition assessment involves gathering information regarding the following: historical dietary data anthropometric measurements biochemical (lab) analyses
15. Which indicator of protein status is inaccurate if iron status is poor: albumin prealbumin retinol binding protien
16. Classic symptoms of type 1 diabetes include polydypsia, polyuria, polyphagia, and weight gain. true
17. In the progression of malnutrition, which of the following indicators would occur last: physical signs abnormal body functions lack of nutrient in diet
18. Insulin injections in the stomach area work the fastest. true
19. You see a patient who has thin, dull hair and weak fingernails; therefore, you conclude that the patient: needs further nutritional assessment before a definite conclusion can be drawn is malnourished regarding protein is in a state of starvation
20. Insulin promotes all but which of the following: lipolysis lipogenesis protein synthesis
21. Which of the following would be proper treatment for a hyperglycemic episode: a dextrose IV an injection of rapid acting insulin a glucagon injection
22. Simple sugar is never allowed on the diabetic diet. true
23. The insulin pump is a good tool for achieving tight glycemic control. true
24. Neuropathy refers to disease of the nerves. true
25. Which of the following slows glucose absorption from the digestive tract: fiber fat water
26. When hyperglycemia is seen following an episode of hypoglycemia, the condition is known as: neuropathy Cushing's syndrome the dawn phenomenon
27. When planning to exercise, a diabetic should: strictly adhere to dietary carbohydrate restrictions plan to exercise when insulin is peaking take an extra injection of insulin before exercising
28. DCCT results indicate that intensive management of diabetes reduces the risk of long term complications of DM. true
29. Regular insulin is used to: provide the diabetic with a baseline insulin level increase blood glucose during a hypoglycemic episode provide insulin to cover increased blood glucose associated with meals
30. Diabetic neuropathy can result in gastroparesis, which increases risk of limb amputation. true
31. Determination of glycosylated hemoglobin is used for: assessing present glucose control assessing blood glucose control for the past 3 days assessing long-term( 2 - 4 mo) blood glucose control
32. One way oral hypoglycemic agent help to lower blood glucose is by: decreasing the insulin sensitivity of the cell augmenting beta cell secretion of insulin decreasing deamination of proteins
33. A waist-to-hip ratio of > 1 in men or > 0.8 in women is associated with an: lower incidence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes increased risk for obesity related diseases including type 2 diabetes increased longevity
34. The optimal range for BMI is 15 - 20. true
35. A measure of somatic protein status is: hemoglobin/hematocrit mid-arm muscle circumference albumin
36. Gestational diabetes increases a woman's chance of developing diabetes later in life. true
37. In a child, recent malnutrition shows up as a : drop in length percentile drop in weight percentile increase in length percentile
38. Which of the following is NOT and indicator of dehydration: high urine specific gravity high cholesterol high BUN
39. Which of the following are tests for the diagnosis for diabetes:
40. Type 1 diabetes is caused by destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas, resulting in insulin insufficiency. true
41. The recommended method for diabetes diagnosis is: oral glucose tolerance test fasting blood glucose post-prandial blood glucose
42. The National Center for Health Statistics lists diabetes among the top ten leading causes of death in the US. true
43. Testing for gestational diabetes is not necessary in women who: are younger than 25 years old are at desireable body weight are not Hispanic, African American, or Asian
44. If a hospitalized diabetic patient needs to miss a meal for surgery or medical tests, hypoglycemia can be prevented by increasing the insulin dose. true
45. Exercise reduces exogenous insulin needs in the type 1 diabetic. true
46. The cornerstone of the treatment of type 2 diabetics is the use of oral hypoglycemic agents. true
47. Which of the following is a long-term complication of diabetes: end stage renal disease acute renal failure nephrotic syndrome
48. Ketones are a metabolic by-product of body protein catabolism. true
49. Which of the following slow the progression of renal disease in the diabetic patient: ACE inhibitors low protein diets intensive management
50. Factors that seem to play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes include: weight and heredity liver disease enzyme deficiencies
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