Sede Vacante 1159
      
      
        September 1—September 7, 1159  
		
		
Barbarossa submits to Alexander III
 
        Documents concerning the Election of 1159 
and the Schism of 1159-1164
    
		
		 
		
			- Cardinal Boso, "Vita Alexandri III" [Watterich II, pp. 379-387]. 
 
 
- Sigebert of Gembloux (diocese of Namur),  Chronica, Continuatio Aquicinetina [MGH SS VI (1844) 408-409].
 
 
- Radulfus of Milan [Muratori, Rerum Italicarum Scriptores Tomus VI, columns 1183-1184]. 
 
 
- Letter  of the Bishop of Bamberg, about the state of affairs in Rome following the death of Adrian IV [Watterich II, 454-455]. 
 
 
- Letter of Pope Alexander III   Eterna et incommutabilis  (October 5, 1159) (the narrative of Alexander III's party) [Jaffé II, 10589; MGS IV, nr. XXXIXa] 
 
 
- Letter of the Cardinals to the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa (October, 1159) [Watterich II, pp. 464-466] 
 
 
- Letter of Alexander III to the Imperial Ambassadors  Nos recognoscimus (November 13, 1159)  (from Cardinal Boso's "Vita Alexandri III) [Watterich II, p. 383-384; Jaffé II, 10597] 
 
 
- Letter of Victor IV, addressed to members of the Imperial party (October 28, 1159) (about his election) [Watterich II, 460-461; Jaffé II, 14426 (9374)].
 
 
- Acts of the Council of Pavia  [Mansi, Sacrorum Conciliorum 21 (1776) 1112-1120;  MGH Leges 4 Constitutiones 1 no. 189, pp. 260-270] (February 5-11, 1160)
 
 
- Speech of an Advocate of Cardinal Octavianus, Joannes de Romano [MGH Leges 4 Constitutiones 1 no. 187, pp. 257-260] 
 
 
- "De schismate inter Adrianum et Octavianum,"  [Sudendorf, Registrum Erster Theil (Jena 1849), nr. XXIII, pp. 62-66, same as previous item]
 
 
- Letter of Ymarus, Bishop of Tusculum and others  (reasons for dissension in the Sacred College) [Watterich II, 461-462]  
 
 
- Letter of Chapter of S. Peter's, addressed to the Emperor Frederick (1160) (the narrative of Victor IV's party). [Watterich II, 474-477] 
 
 
- Letter of the Emperor Frederick to the Archbishop of Salzburg [February 16, 1160] 
 
 
- The Urspergensium Chronicon, on the double election of 1159 and the Council of Pavia in 1160.  [MGH  SS 23 (1863), p. 352]
 
 
- Letter of the Abbot of Clairvaux to the Bishop of Verona, about the Council of Toulouse (1161). 
 
 
- Gerhohus   de investigatione antichristi    Book I   (A.D. 1162) (analysis of election and arguments on both sides) [Watterich II, 504-508; Monumenta Germaniae Selecta IV, xxxix(d), pp. 162-163] 
 
 
- Annales Stadenses (excerpt) [Annales Stadenses: MGH SS 16 (Hannoverae 1859), 344]
 
 
 
		 
		
		Philippus Jaffé (editor) Regesta Pontificum Romanorum (editionem secundam correctam et auctam auspiciis Guilelmi Wattenbach; curaverunt  S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald) Tomus secundus (Lipsiae: Veit et comp. 1888) [JL].  
        Johann M. Watterich, (editor),  Pontificum Romanorum qui fuerunt inde ab exeunte saeculo IX usque ad finem saeculi XIII vitae ab aequalibus conscriptae Tomus II (Lipsiae 1862). [Watterich] 
        M. Doeberl (editor), Monumenta Germaniae Selecta  4 (München 1890). [MGS] 
        J. D. Mansi, Sacrorum Conciliorum Nova et Amplissima Collectio Tomus 21 (Venetiis: apud Antonium Zatta, 1776) 
         
				